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顶级男球员的足球练习特异性,与峰值比赛的运动需求有关

Andrea Riboli^1,2, Carlo Castagna^3,4,5

¹MilanLab Research Department, AC Milan S.p.A, Milan, Italy.

Journal of sports sciences

|June 21, 2023

概括

某些足球练习,如个人位置特定的练习和修改的小边比赛,与官方对总距离和高速跑步的要求相匹配或超过. 然而,技术战术演习和标准的小边游戏不足,特别是在高速跑步和冲刺中.

科学领域:

运动科学运动科学运动科学
运动生理学运动生理学
足球表现分析足球表现分析

背景情况:

优化足球训练需要了解与官方比赛相比,演练的运动需求.
以前的研究集中在各种训练练习,但直接比较到峰值匹配的物理负载对于有效的程序设计至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了比较不同足球训练练习 (球/跑步) 的运动力需求与官方比赛中体验到的峰值体力负荷.
为了确定哪些训练炼最好地复制或超过在竞争性足球比赛中看到的高强度努力.

主要方法:

运动需求,包括总距离 (TD),高速运行 (HSR),非常高速运行 (VHSR) 和加速/减速 (Acc+Dec),在40名精英男性足球运动员中进行了测量.
数据是在各种训练演习 (技术战术,小边游戏 (SSG),超级SSG,修改的SSG,位置演习,跑步演习) 和官方比赛中收集的.
训练演练需求与不同时间窗口 (1-5分钟) 的峰值匹配需求进行了比较.

主要成果:

与匹配峰值相比,个别位置特定的演练,超级SSG,修改的SSG和运行演练显示出相似或更高的总距离,HSR和VHSR.
在这些特定的演练中,冲刺和加速/减速需求低于峰值匹配值.
与官方比赛相比,技术战术演练和标准SSG在所有测量的运动变量 (TD,HSR,VHSR,冲刺,Acc+Dec) 中的需求明显较低.

结论:

某些训练练习,特别是个人定位和修改的SSG,可以有效地复制或超越足球比赛的高速和总距离负载.
标准的技术战术演习和SSG在非常高速的跑步和冲刺方面对玩家没有足够的挑战,这表明训练特异性的潜在差距.
这些发现可以帮助教练设计训练课程,以更好地为球员准备正式足球比赛的强烈体力要求.

关键词:

团队体育运动团队体育运动执教教练是指指指导教练.足球足球足球足球匹配分析匹配分析业绩表现表现的表现表现是什么训练负载训练负载训练负载

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