神经退行和表观遗传学:一篇综述
1Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
Neurologia
|June 21, 2023
概括
神经元细胞的表观遗传改变会影响神经退行性疾病,如阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏症. 未来的治疗必须专注于针对性,非细胞毒性表观遗传药物,以获得有效的神经保护.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 神经元功能和分化是由基因组和表观基因组调节的.
- 环境因素诱导表观遗传变化,它们的失调有助于神经退行.
- 表观遗传修饰与记忆和各种神经退行性疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 在不同神经退行性疾病模型中调查神经元细胞中的多种表观基因组改变.
- 了解表观遗传修饰对神经退行性疾病和记忆的影响.
- 探索普里翁病中独特的神经表观遗传特征.
主要方法:
- 在神经元细胞中分析表观遗传修饰 (染色质修饰,DNA甲基化,调节性RNA).
- 对神经退行性疾病的各种模型生物进行比较研究.
- 审查针对表观遗传修饰的当前治疗策略.
主要成果:
- 确定了神经退行性模型的神经细胞中的各种表观基因组改变.
- 证实了表观遗传修饰对神经退行性疾病和记忆力的显著影响.
- 与其他神经退行性疾病相比,在病中观察到明显的神经表观遗传模式.
结论:
- 表观遗传修饰在阿尔茨海默病,帕金森病和亨廷顿病的发病过程中起着至关重要的作用.
- 目前针对基因组脱乙酶和DNA甲基转移酶的表观遗传药物在向传递和细胞毒性方面存在局限性.
- 对神经退行性疾病的未来治疗策略必须优先考虑开发向性和非细胞毒性表观遗传药物.
相关概念视频
Neural Regulation
39.6K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.6K
Epigenetic Regulation
31.1K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
31.1K
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
878
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
878
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
530
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
530


