通过在模拟降雨-流水事件期间在葡萄园中使用植被缓冲条来减弱和土壤生物降解杀菌剂
Paula Ortega1,2, Mònica Escolà Casas2, Emilio Gil1
1Department of Agro-Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Esteve Terradas, 8, 08860, Castelldefels, Spain.
概括
植被缓冲带有效地减少了葡萄园中的农药排放量,保留了73-98%的杀菌剂. 植被增加了10%的保留率,并加快了杀菌剂的降解速度,保护水生生态系统免受污染.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 葡萄园农药的应用可能会导致通过雨水排水事件的地表水污染.
- 农药排放对水生生态系统构成重大风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估植被缓冲条 (BS) 在防止真菌杀菌剂流失和地表水污染方面的有效性.
- 为了比较植被带与裸露地面 (BG) 的污染物保留能力.
主要方法:
- 在带有和没有植被的试验条 (5米长) 上进行了模拟的降雨-流水事件.
- 在植物和赤裸的地面条件下,评估了土壤中的真菌杀菌剂降解动力学.
- 杀菌剂和转化产品 (TP) 的水平在下游流量后得到量化.
主要成果:
- 缓冲条中的真菌杀菌剂质量保留率在73%至98%之间.
- 与裸露地面相比,植被缓冲条增加了约10%的真菌杀菌剂保留率.
- 植被显著减少了真菌杀菌剂的半衰期,平均为55%,并将TP的丰度降低了高达78%.
结论:
- 植被缓冲条在缓解葡萄园中的农药排放方面非常有效.
- 植被的存在增强了杀真菌剂的保留和加速退化,从而减少了水生生态系统的污染.
- 实施植被缓冲区是可持续葡萄园管理和水资源保护的关键战略.
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