胚胎细胞数量和分配影响牛体细胞核转移胚胎的发育潜力和转录组
Pablo J Ross1, Marcelo D Goissis2, João P N Martins3
1Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Stem cells and development
|June 22, 2023
概括
在牛体细胞核转移 (SCNT) 是低效的. 这项研究发现,具有较少总和内部细胞质细胞的SCNT胚胎更有可能怀孕,观察到不同的基因表达模式.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 体细胞核转移 (SCNT) 是牛克隆的关键技术,但效率低.
- 大多数SCNT衍生的胚胎未能发展成健康的小牛,尽管体外发育类似于受精胚胎.
研究的目的:
- 根据囊胚细胞组成,识别出具有发育能力的SCNT胚胎.
- 在单个SCNT胚胎上进行转录组分析,以了解与发育能力相关的分子差异.
主要方法:
- 使用共聚焦显微镜分析了表达核局部HcRed基因的SCNT胚胎,以计算总细胞和内部细胞质量 (ICM).
- 胚胎被单独转移到接收母牛,怀孕率通过超声波评估.
- 进行了单个胚胎RNA测序和加权基因联合表达网络分析.
主要成果:
- 在35天内确立怀孕的SCNT胚胎的总细胞数量 (117±6) 与非怀孕胚胎 (128±5) 相比显著减少.
- 与较高计数 (48 ± 2) 相比,较低的平均ICM细胞计数 (41 ± 3) 与成功怀孕有关.
- 转录组分析揭示了与总细胞和ICM细胞数相关的基因表达集群,在辅酶代谢和细胞内信号传递等过程中得到丰富.
结论:
- 总细胞和ICM数量减少的SCNT胚胎显示出更高的怀孕建立率.
- 这些形态差异是由SCNT胚胎中明显的转录组特征支的.
- 识别关键的分子通路可以提高牛的SCNT效率.
相关概念视频
01:24Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
1.8K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.8K
01:14Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming
2.0K
Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
2.0K
01:33Cleavage and Blastulation
45.4K
After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
45.4K
01:10Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation
5.3K
The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
5.3K
01:08Cloning of Dolly the Sheep
4.0K
The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual, the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
4.0K
01:27Reproductive Cloning
30.6K
Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic...
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic...
30.6K