新型捕食者诱导的表型可塑性是由血红蛋白和Xenopus tropicalis大脑中的生理变化引起的
Tsukasa Mori1, Kazumasa Machida1, Yuki Kudou1
1Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Japan.
Frontiers in physiology
|June 22, 2023
概括
暴露于新型捕食者的Xenopus tropicalis幼没有表现出外部变化,但增强了大脑功能. 生理适应包括糖解驱动的ATP产量增加和激素清除,改善了没有形态变化的生存.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 生物通过表型和生理调整适应环境变化,包括捕食者的出现.
- 猎物物种通常表现出不同的表型,以应对长期的捕食者相互作用.
- 对于新型捕食者来说,表型可塑性的程度在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究Xenopus tropicalis幼对新型掠食威胁的生理适应反应.
- 为了了解子中脑功能变化,缺乏明显的外部形态适应新捕食者的变化.
主要方法:
- 十五个外部形态参数的主要组成部分分析.
- 关于头大脑的RNA测序 (RNA-seq),代谢分析,发明路径分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书 (KEGG) 分析.
- 评估生理标志物,如ATP生产,β-氧化,三酸循环活性,超氧化物脱酶,激素生产和血红蛋白.
主要成果:
- 青的形态表现出与捕食者暴露时间的非线性变化,但没有确定特定的适应性位点.
- 脑部分析显示,在捕食压力下,糖解驱动的ATP产生增强,β-氧化和三酸循环下调.
- 超氧化物失调酶的升级和大脑中的血红蛋白增加表明基因的产生减少和基基的清除.
结论:
- 热带的鱼没有表现出对新型捕食者的外部形态适应.
- 子增强大脑功能,包括能量代谢和氧化应激防御,作为对新掠夺压力的首要适应策略.
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