基于不同的指令集架构和现场可编程网关阵列自定义数据路径实现的软核心处理器集成
Ionel Zagan1,2, Vasile Gheorghiţă Găitan1,2
1Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University, Suceava, Romania.
PeerJ. Computer science
|June 22, 2023
概括
这项研究集成了现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 软核处理器,以提高实时系统 (RTS) 的性能. 操作系统功能的硬件实现减少了开销,提高了关键任务的决定性.
科学领域:
- 计算机工程 计算机工程
- 实时系统 实时系统
- 嵌入式系统 嵌入式系统
背景情况:
- 实时系统 (RTS) 需要对关键任务进行实时确定性的保证.
- 操作系统 (OS) 的开销,包括任务执行速度和上下文切换,可以在软计划器中引入动和错过的截止日期.
- 控制系统中的动可能会影响硬实时应用程序的性能,如果不能在响应时间限制内进行管理.
研究的目的:
- 调查现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 软核处理器的集成,以提高RTS性能.
- 解决OS开销对RTS调度和线程上下文切换的负面影响.
- 通过在硬件中实现调度和线程上下文切换来减少RTOS特定的开销.
主要方法:
- 集成FPGA软核心处理器与多种指令集架构 (ISA).
- 开发定制的中央处理器 (CPU) 数据路径设计.
- 实现专用硬件线程环境和硬件实时操作系统 (RTOS).
主要成果:
- 展示了编程和线程上下文切换的硬件实现,以减轻处理器负载.
- 通过基于硬件的解决方案减少RTOS特定的开销.
- 验证了硬件实现在缓解软件操作系统开销造成的性能下降方面的有效性.
结论:
- 将FPGA软核心处理器与硬件RTOS功能集成,显著提高了实时系统决定性.
- 基于硬件的调度和上下文切换有效地减少了开销,这对于高频任务切换RTS至关重要.
- 这种方法提供了一个可行的解决方案,以克服传统基于软件的实时操作系统所带来的局限性.
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