评估对成年人的经济成果对邻居关系影响的实验和非实验对立性估计
David J Harding1, Lisa Sanbonmatsu2, Greg J Duncan3
1University of California at Berkeley, Department of Sociology, 462 Barrows Hall, Berkeley CA 94720.
概括
非实验性研究经常显示邻居对成人的影响,但这项研究表明选择偏差可能解释了这些发现. 通过比较实验和非实验数据,发现了类似的结果,挑战了先前的结论.
科学领域:
- 城市社会学 城市社会学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 公共政策 公共政策
背景情况:
- 非实验性研究经常报告邻居对成年结果的显著影响.
- 住宅移动实验,如移动到机会 (MTO),产生了相反的结果,质疑这些邻里效应.
- 实验和非实验发现之间的差异需要严格的比较.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较邻近效应的实验和非实验估计,使用来自"转向机会" (MTO) 实验和"收入动态小组研究" (PSID) 的数据.
- 调查差异的潜在原因,包括暴露时间,效应异质性和移动中断.
- 评估选择偏差在对邻居效应的非实验性研究中的作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了研究内部比较设计.
- 分析了"向机遇转移" (MTO) 实验的数据.
- 使用收入动态小组研究 (PSID) 进行了并行分析.
主要成果:
- 观察到来自MTO和PSID数据的非实验估计之间的惊人相似之处.
- 没有明确的证据表明估计差异与暴露时间,非线性效应,变化大小,移动频率,异质性或测量问题有关.
- 关于MTO诱导的动作具有破坏性的结果不一致.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,选择偏差可能解释了在成人经济结果的非实验性研究中观察到的强大的邻居效应.
- 这项研究强调了在解释邻居效应时考虑选择机制的重要性.
- 调和实验和非实验发现对于准确的政策影响至关重要.
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