自动预测2.0:通过自动机器学习在医疗保健中实现诊断和预测建模的民主化
Fergus Imrie1, Bogdan Cebere2, Eoin F McKinney3
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
PLOS digital health
|June 22, 2023
概括
自动预测2.0是一个开源框架,使机器学习可用于开发临床诊断和预测模型. 与专家评分相比,它实现了优越的糖尿病预测,为医疗保健专业人员提供了先进的工具.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 临床决策支持 临床决策支持
背景情况:
- 诊断和预后模型对于临床决策至关重要.
- 机器学习 (ML) 通过捕捉复杂的患者共变相互作用,提供了比传统模型更好的性能.
- 在临床环境中广泛采用ML受到技术和实际挑战的阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 介绍AutoPrognosis 2.0,一个开源的ML框架,旨在简化诊断和预后模型的开发.
- 通过解决ML采用技术障碍,赋予医疗保健专业人员权力.
- 为创建新的风险评分和个性化诊断提供可访问的资源.
主要方法:
- 利用最先进的自动机器学习 (AutoML) 来创建优化的ML管道.
- 整合了模型可解释性工具,并允许部署临床示范器.
- 通过使用英国生物银行数据 (502,467人) 开发糖尿病预后风险评分来证明框架.
主要成果:
- 自动预测2.0成功开发了一个用于临床模型开发的ML框架.
- 与已建立的专家临床风险得分相比,自动化框架实现了糖尿病预测的优越歧视.
- 创建了一个基于网络的糖尿病风险评分决策支持工具,并向公众提供.
结论:
- 自动预测2.0为医疗保健专业人员创造先进的诊断和预测模型提供了便利,而不需要广泛的技术专业知识.
- 该框架的应用表明了AutoML在临床风险预测中超越传统方法的潜力.
- 开源的AutoPrognosis 2.0旨在使ML在开发个性化医疗工具中的使用民主化.
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