试用期的动态风险和差异性影响:检查年龄,种族和性别作为响应因素
Ashlee R Barnes-Lee1, Marva V Goodson2, Nordia A Scott3
1School of Social Work, Michigan State University.
Law and human behavior
|June 22, 2023
概括
少年法院必须在风险评估中考虑种族/种族,以改善康复结果. 有效地应用风险需求响应 (RNR) 模型需要了解监督如何影响不同的青年风险得分.
科学领域:
- 犯罪学和法医心理学
- 少年司法系统研究 青少年司法系统研究
- 风险评估和康复活动
背景情况:
- 风险-需求-响应 (RNR) 模型是指导青少年罪犯康复的领先框架.
- 有效实施需要注意特定的响应因素,但对其可靠应用的知识是有限的.
- 了解年轻人的独特特征如何与监督经验相互作用,对于成功的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查特定反应因子 (年龄,性别,种族/种族) 对青年风险得分变化的影响.
- 检查监督经验 (试用期,项目参与) 如何影响动态风险评估.
- 确定种族/族裔是否会在RNR模型中缓和监督与风险得分变化之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 分析多层次模型,使用360名在中西部少年法院缓刑的年轻人的数据.
- 评估监管经验对各种响应因素的动态风险的影响.
- 对初始风险分数和违法严重性的控制,以隔离监督和响应效应.
主要成果:
- 较长的试用期和司法计划参与与风险得分的增加有关,这与一些预期相反.
- 年龄和性别并没有显著影响风险得分的变化;然而,种族/种族成为一个显著的预测因素.
- 历史上被边缘化的年轻人,特别是多种族的个人,在风险得分中的平均变化较低,这表明种族/种族对缓刑影响的缓和作用.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,RNR模型的特定响应原理可能被不正确地应用,可能会阻碍康复.
- 解决种族/种族作为一个特定的响应因素对于改善青少年法院监督和结果至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索特定的响应性因素,并提高风险评估工具的动态有效性.
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