怀疑的错误利益的错误利益
1Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Studies in history and philosophy of science
|June 22, 2023
概括
科学不可知论,只关注可观察到的预测,驳回科学的关键好处. 这种方法阻碍了理解心理机制及其对规范判断的影响,尽管不可知论者.
科学领域:
- 科学哲学的哲学科学哲学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 科学理论提供了好处,有些是真实的,有些是虚幻的.
- 一个科学不可知论者只相信一个理论的可观测的预测力,而不是它不可观测的假设.
- 心理学研究可以提出规范性判断的机制,这对其可信度有影响.
研究的目的:
- 检查科学不可知论对理解心理机制和规范判断的含义.
- 要确定一个科学不可知论者是否可以接受心理理论对有缺陷的规范判断的含义.
- 突出科学不可知论的代价,因为它驳斥了基于不可观察的理论观点的论点.
主要方法:
- 科学不可知论及其哲学基础的概念分析.
- 关于规范性判断及其不可观察的机制的假设心理理论的检查.
- 案例研究说明了不可知论者对可观测的预测与不可观测的理论实体的立场.
主要成果:
- 一个科学不可知论者,只关注可观测的预测 (例如fMRI,反应时间),仍然对不可观测的心理机制不可知论.
- 这种不可知论阻止了不可知论者相信规范判断是有缺陷的,即使理论正确预测可观测的东西.
- 如果底层机制是不可观察的,不可知论者不能利用理论来不信任规范判断.
结论:
- 科学不可知论,通过驳回不可观察的观点,失去使用科学理论来批评规范性判断的好处.
- 基于不可观察的科学观点提出规范论证的能力是科学的真正好处.
- 这种方法强调了接受理论观点的重要性,以充分受益于科学进步,了解人类的认知和行为.
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