低收入和中等收入国家的计划生育不平等
John Ross1, Karen Hardee2, Rebecca Rosenberg3
1Independent demographic consultant, New Paltz, NY, USA. rosshome8@frontiernet.net.
Global health, science and practice
|June 22, 2023
概括
生殖健康不平等仍然存在,但调查显示,随着时间的推移,获得计划生育方法的机会略有改善. 持续关注政策至关重要,以解决歧视问题,并加强所有子群体的避孕公平.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 计划生育 计划生育 计划生育 计划生育
- 卫生公平性健康公平性
背景情况:
- 生殖健康不平等是一个重大的全球性挑战.
- 定期调查对于监测趋势和为政策提供信息至关重要.
- 了解获得避孕药的差异对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过2017年和2021年的国家综合指数对计划生育调查来评估获得7种避孕方法的不平等情况.
- 追踪影响低收入和中等收入国家5个子群体的歧视模式.
- 评估随着时间的推移,避孕措施获取和使用公平性的变化.
主要方法:
- 用于2017年和2021年进行的计划生育调查的国家综合指数.
- 评估了7种避孕方法的获取和对5个子组的歧视.
- 在1-10级别上,从国家级信息提供者的员工问卷评分.
主要成果:
- 平均获得避孕方法的比例约为50%,区域和国家层面的差异很大.
- 获得短期方法 (药丸,注射剂,避孕套) 比长期方法 (绝育,宫内节育器,植入物) 更好.
- 随着时间的推移,在访问得分中观察到适度的改善,与增加的避孕药使用和减少基于财富的不平等相关.
结论:
- 2017年和2021年的调查显示,在公平获得避孕措施方面,既有进展,也存在持续的缺陷.
- 对特定子组的歧视行为需要有针对性的政策和提供者行动.
- 对政策和国家计划实践的持续关注可以进一步改善避孕措施的公平性和使用.
更多相关视频
03:35Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
Published on: December 1, 2023
337
05:35Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management
Published on: January 19, 2024
864
相关概念视频
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.3K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.3K
Infertility in Females
353
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
353
Infertility in Males
299
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
299
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
375
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
375
Ethical Dilemmas I
960
Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
960
Birth Control Methods
373
Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
373
