脑下垂体-大脑神经元形成厌恶状态
Daniela Calvigioni1, Janos Fuzik1, Pierre Le Merre1
1Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nature neuroscience
|June 22, 2023
概括
研究人员在侧面下丘脑区域 (LHA) 确定了多种不同类型的神经元,这些神经元向侧面大脑 (LHb) 投射. 特定的LHA-LHb神经元,如Esr1+,驱动厌恶和压力反应,女性表现出更高的敏感性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 众所周知,从侧向下丘脑区域 (LHA) 到侧向大脑角 (LHb) 的激发性投射会调解厌恶反应.
- 了解神经元群体在这条途径中的异质性,对于破译它在行为中的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用多式分类来定义LHA-LHb通路内的谷氨基质神经元类型的结构和功能多样性.
- 研究特定的神经元亚型在情绪和自然主义行为的特定作用,包括厌恶和压力.
主要方法:
- 补丁测序 (Patch-seq) 指导多模式分类来表征LHA-LHb神经元.
- 基于分子形状,电生理学和投影模式的神经元类型的遗传鉴定.
- 光遗传学操纵和大规模记录以评估神经元功能 in vivo.
主要成果:
- 在LHA-LHb通路中发现了六种不同的谷氨酸类神经元类型,每个都有独特的特性.
- 发现雌激素受体1-表达 (Esr1+) LHA-LHb神经元诱导厌恶,而神经Y表达 (Npy+) 神经元调节育儿行为.
- 对Esr1+神经元的光遗传刺激导致了持续的厌恶,而应激暴露导致了这些神经元的性别特异性变化,特别是在女性中.
结论:
- LHA-LHb通路包括多种不同类型的神经元,它们在行为中发挥着特定的作用.
- Esr1+ LHA-LHb神经元对于厌恶至关重要,并且在应激敏感性中表现出性二态的作用.
相关概念视频
Regulation of Food Intake
289
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
289
Role of Amygdala in Memory
296
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
One of the...
296
Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions
2.2K
The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the...
2.2K
Neural Regulation
39.6K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.6K
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System
3.1K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
3.1K
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness
1.8K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
1.8K


