在老年人多重关节阻力运动期间,先前异常降低阶段对集中神经力学的影响
Emmet J Mc Dermott1,2,3, Thomas G Balshaw1,2, Katherine Brooke-Wavell2
1Versus Arthritis, Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|June 23, 2023
概括
与仅集中式运动相比,古怪的集中式收缩显著提高了老年人的肌肉力量和速度. 这种阻力炼方法可能为改善老年人群的身体功能提供了卓越的训练刺激.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物机械工程 生物机械工程
背景情况:
- 衰老的特点是身体功能,特别是肌肉力量的下降,需要有效的抵抗运动 (RE) 策略.
- 离心-同心 (ECC-CON) 收缩,涉及一个离心降低阶段之前,一个同心提升,可以提高功率输出相比同心只有 (CON-Only) 收缩.
- 建议ECC-CON增强的机制包括弹性反弹,预激活,伸展反射和收缩史.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较先前异常降低阶段对老年人同心功率性能的影响.
- 为了研究ECC-CON与CON-Only在腿部压力运动中的收缩.
- 评估对平均和峰值功率,平均和峰值速度,平均力的影响.
主要方法:
- 12名健康的老年男性参与了两次测量.
- 参与者以相对平衡的顺序执行ECC-CON和CON-Only收缩.
- 腿部压力练习是在仪器动力计测量功率,力和速度的仪器动力计上使用一个重复最大 (1RM) 的20-80%的负载进行的.
- 表面电肌图 (sEMG) 评估了膝盖和部伸缩器的肌肉激活.
主要成果:
- 与CON-Only相比,ECC-CON的平均功率和平均速度显著更大,负载依赖增大.
- 在高负载 (35-80% 1RM) 时,ECC-CON显示功率 (+19至+55%) 和速度 (+15至54%) 显著增加.
- 平均力显示ECC-CON的适度好处 (+9到14%在50-80%的1RM),而峰值功率和速度在条件之间是相似的.
结论:
- 在老年人中,ECC-CON收缩产生了比CON-Only收缩更高的平均功率和速度性能.
- 这些发现表明,ECC-CON可能会为提高老年人肌肉力量提供卓越的训练刺激.
- 这种阻力运动模式有可能改善身体功能并减轻与年龄相关的肌肉力量下降.
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