用大型电子健康记录进行COVID-19疫苗安全分析的数据挖掘管道
Yan Huang1,2, Xiaojin Li1,2, Deepa Dongarwar1,2
1McGovern Medical School.
概括
一个新的数据挖掘管道在电子健康记录中确定了潜在的COVID-19疫苗不良事件. COVID-19疫苗的不良事件率与流感疫苗的不良事件率相似,其中20个事件需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
- 数据挖掘 数据挖掘
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 对于市场上市后的疫苗安全监测非常有价值.
- 需要自动化方法来有效地分析大型EHR数据集的不良事件.
- 了解COVID-19疫苗安全性对于公共卫生信心和政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种新的数据挖掘管道,从EHR数据中提取潜在的COVID-19疫苗相关不良事件.
- 使用现实世界的数据,比较COVID-19疫苗与流感疫苗的安全性.
- 为进一步调查确定与COVID-19疫苗接种相关的特定不良事件.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个自动化数据挖掘管道,以分析EHR数据的不良事件.
- 利用了一个大型的,未识别的EHR数据集与COVID-19疫苗记录 (2020年12月 - 2022年1月).
- 采用自我控制的病例序列分析和反向概率的审查权重,以评估不良事件率和时间到事件数据.
主要成果:
- 对比553,682名接种了COVID-19疫苗的个人与流感.
- 在接种疫苗后180天内提取了1,414个ICD-10诊断类别.
- 发现的COVID-19疫苗具有与流感疫苗相似的不良事件率.
- 确定了20个潜在的COVID-19疫苗相关不良事件,需要进一步调查.
结论:
- 开发的数据挖掘管道有效地识别了潜在的疫苗相关不良事件.
- 在不良事件率方面,COVID-19疫苗表现出与流感疫苗相似的安全性.
- 对于在COVID-19疫苗接种后发现的20种潜在不良事件,需要进一步研究.
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