动词生产在各种话语中的语义方面 在非流利口音症患者中的语义任务
Hyejin Park1, Jessica Obermeyer2, Myriam Kornisch1
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Mississippi, Oxford.
American journal of speech-language pathology
|June 23, 2023
概括
患有非流利口音障碍的人难以产生轻动词,但不能产生重动词. 在这个群体中,话语任务没有显著影响动词产生,这表明需要进一步研究临床应用.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 神经语言学是一种神经语言学.
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 由于大脑损伤而导致的语言障碍 - - 失言症 (Aphasia) 通常会影响动词的产生.
- 语义加权的动词 (重动词和轻动词) 在句子的含义和结构中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解失言症中的动词产生对于有效的治疗干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较非流利口语障碍患者与没有口语障碍患者的语义加权动词生成.
- 检查不同话语诱导任务对两个群体动词产生的影响.
主要方法:
- 从AphasiaBank.Bank.的30名非流利口音障碍患者和32名对照人群的语言样本分析.
- 在五个话语任务中将动词编码成重型,轻型和Be-copular类别.
- 在组和任务之间对动词生产指标 (每发言的动词,动词比例) 的统计比较.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有非流利口语障碍的个体每次发言产生较少的动词,并且轻动词的比例较低.
- 在不同组之间观察到类似的重动词比例.
- 话语任务对非流利口音障碍患者的动词产生产生影响很小,与对照人群不同.
结论:
- 非流利的失语症的特点是轻动词的产生受损,而重动词的产生似乎相对保持.
- 在非流利的失语症患者中,演讲诱导任务可能不会显著改变动词的产生,这可能是由于地板效应或个体的变化.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以建立在失言治疗中选择话语任务的指导方针.
更多相关视频
08:32Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
Published on: September 5, 2019
5.7K
08:17A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Published on: April 12, 2018
10.6K
相关概念视频
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
934
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
934
01:24Components of Language
329
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
329
01:27Language and Cognition
377
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
377
01:28Lateralization
372
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
372
01:22Language Development
403
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
403
01:12Visual Agnosia
243
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
243