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通过吸入的SARS-CoV-2亚单位疫苗诱导的保护性免疫力

Elizabeth Elder¹, Chandrashekar Bangalore Revanna², Catharina Johansson²

¹National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.

|June 23, 2023

概括

一种吸入的COVID-19疫苗候选人ISR52,向呼吸道,在小鼠中表现出比注射疫苗更好的保护. 这种新的方法引发了强大的,持久的免疫反应,提供了无针,无冷链的替代方案.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学
呼吸道病毒学呼吸道病毒学

背景情况:

目前的COVID-19疫苗是通过肌肉内注射的,这可能不会最佳地准呼吸道,这是SARS-CoV-2感染的主要部位.
开发诱导局部粘膜免疫力的疫苗对于增强对呼吸道病毒的保护至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估基于SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1蛋白质的吸入子单元候选疫苗ISR52在诱导保护性粘膜免疫反应方面的有效性.
在小鼠模型中,将ISR52的鼻内/鼻内注射与皮下注射的保护作用进行比较.

主要方法:

利用致命的挑战 hACE2转基因小鼠模型对SARS-CoV-2感染.
通过鼻内,鼻内和皮下途径给予ISR52.
评估了免疫反应,包括T细胞 (CD4,CD8),抗体 (IgG,IgA) 和肺和血清中的中和抗体水平.
评估了对严重感染的保护.

主要成果:

与皮下注射相比,ISR52的鼻内和鼻内注射提供了对严重的SARS-CoV-2感染的更好的保护.
在野生型小鼠中,吸入ISR52引起了至少6个月的Spike特异性CD4和CD8T细胞反应.
诱导的IgG和IgA反应与SARS-CoV-2变种产生了交叉反应,受保护的动物在肺和血清中具有中和抗体.

结论:

吸入的SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1亚单元候选疫苗ISR52有效诱导局部和全身免疫反应,与传统肌内疫苗接种相比,提供更好的保护.
目前正在开发ISR52作为吸入的干粉配方,可能消除冷链储存和针针的需要.
这些发现支持ISR52进入I/II期临床试验,以获得无针,无冷链的COVID-19疫苗.

关键词:

干粉是什么意思干粉是什么意思吸入吸入吸入吸入当地免疫力当地免疫力呼吸道呼吸道呼吸道呼吸道这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.亚单位疫苗亚单位疫苗

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