一个基于激励面试的简短小组干预的随机对照试验,针对经历无家可归的新兴成年人:对物质使用和性风险行为的12个月影响
Joan S Tucker1, Elizabeth J D'Amico1, Anthony Rodriguez2
1RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Journal of substance use and addiction treatment
|June 24, 2023
概括
AWARE计划有效地减少了无家可归的年轻人的酒精使用和无套性行为. 虽然它最初减少了毒品使用,但为了在这个脆弱人群中持续减少毒品使用,需要进一步改进.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 经历无家可归的新兴成年人面临着与物质使用和性风险行为的相互关联的挑战.
- 针对这一群体量身定制的基于证据的风险降低计划很少.
- AWARE干预是为了解决这些双重风险问题而开发的.
研究的目的:
- 评估AWARE (基于激励面试的小组风险降低) 干预措施的12个月结果.
- 评估干预对无家可归的新兴成年人物质使用和性风险行为的影响.
- 检查二次结果,包括饮酒后果,保护策略和自我有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机交叉试验,涉及276名18-25岁的参与者.
- 参与者要么接受了AWARE干预,要么在无家可归的年轻人收容中心接受了通常的照顾.
- 主要结局包括物质使用和无避孕套的性行为;次要结局涵盖了一系列行为和态度措施.
主要成果:
- 意识参与者报告说,减少了酒精使用,减少了与饮酒相关的后果,并增加了保护策略的使用.
- 观察到非大麻药物使用的最初减少,随后增加.
- 探索性分析显示,在AWARE参与者中,与随意伴侣的无避孕套性行为下降了29%,而对照组则下降了6%.
结论:
- AWARE干预表明,在无家可归的新兴成年人中减少饮酒的长期效益.
- 需要进一步的研究,以提高干预措施的长期有效性,以减少该人群中吸毒.
- 这些发现支持继续开发和实施针对弱势青年的有针对性的降低风险策略.
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