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嗅觉歧视作为早期阿尔茨海默病的标志物
Egle Audronyte1, Gyte Pakulaite-Kazliene1, Vaiva Sutnikiene1
1Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|June 25, 2023
概括
嗅觉功能障碍是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的早期迹象. 嗅觉歧视测试有效地识别了早期的阿尔茨海默病患者,显示了随着疾病进展而恶化的嗅觉受损.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 诊断医学 诊断医学 诊断医学
背景情况:
- 嗅觉功能障碍是阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 的已知的早期症状.
- 由于诊断效果不清楚,对早期AD检测的嗅觉测试的临床使用是有限的.
- 早期发现AD对于及时干预和管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 患者的气味歧视能力.
- 评估嗅觉歧视测试在区分早期阿尔茨海默病患者与认知正常个体 (CN) 的有效性.
- 评估嗅觉障碍的进展与AD严重程度的关系.
主要方法:
- 由于AD (MD-AD) 导致的轻度痴呆症的30名患者和由于AD (MCI-AD) 导致的轻度认知障碍的30名患者被纳入,以及30名认知正常 (CN) 的老年人.
- 参与者完成了认知评估 (CDR,MMSE,ADAS-Cog13,口语流) 和Sniffin' Sticks气味区分测试.
- 使用统计分析,包括多项逻辑回归来比较群体并评估诊断准确性.
主要成果:
- MD-AD组在嗅觉歧视方面表现明显差于MCI-AD组,而MCI-AD组在嗅觉歧视方面表现差于CN组 (p < 0.05).
- 嗅觉区分截止分数≤10显示出高诊断准确度 (94.44%的MCI-AD/MD-AD与CN; 91.67%的MCI-AD与CN).
- 将嗅觉歧视得分纳入后勤回归模型,提高了所有组的分类准确性,特别是MCI-AD和MD-AD患者.
结论:
- 在阿尔茨海默病的早期阶段,嗅觉歧视显著受损,并且随着疾病的进展而恶化.
- 嗅觉区分测试在检测早期AD时表现出强大的诊断效果.
- 常规的嗅觉测试可以帮助早期识别和诊断阿尔茨海默病.
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