合成托芬的细菌增强了结肠的运动性
Theresa B Legan1, Brigitte Lavoie1, Emilia Norberg1
1Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Neurogastroenterology and motility
|June 26, 2023
概括
某些细菌可以通过产生托 (Trp),这是血清素 (5-HT) 的前体来增强肠道运动性. 这项研究表明,Bacillus subtilis可以提高Trp水平,并加快结肠运动性,涉及胺5-HT4受体.
科学领域:
- 微生物学和肠道生理学
- 胃肠机动性研究 研究胃肠机动性
- 微生物组与宿主之间的相互作用
背景情况:
- 胃肠道 (GI) 不运动越来越多地用分离的细菌来治疗.
- 细菌治疗胃肠道动力障碍的机制尚不清楚.
- 这项研究探讨了细菌产生的酸盐 (Trp) 增强肠道运动.
研究的目的:
- 调查细菌托合成在促进肠道运动中的作用.
- 阐明细菌通过托和血清素途径影响肠道运动的机制.
- 为了评估血清素5-HT4受体在细菌介导的 prokinetic 效应中的参与.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠体内,口服细菌细菌菌株 (R0179,氨酸合成酶-零1A2) 或热失活的细菌.
- 测量肌肉中托芬 (Trp),血清素 (5-HT) 和5-HIAA的含量.
- 在健康和便秘的小鼠模型中评估结肠机动性,有和没有5-HT4受体对抗剂或在淘汰小鼠中.
主要成果:
- 细菌细菌R0179治疗增加了结肠Trp和5-HIAA水平.
- B. subtilis R0179在健康和便秘的小鼠中加速了结肠运动.
- 促生效应依赖于活细菌表达托合成酶,并涉及5-HT4受体.
结论:
- 合成Trp的细菌可以增加肠道运动,可能是通过增强的血清素信号传递.
- 这些发现突出了一个涉及托代谢和5-HT4受体在细菌媒介肠道运动中的新机制.
- 这为使用特定细菌促进胃肠道运动提供了机械的洞察力.
相关概念视频
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists
316
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
316
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives
285
Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...
285
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives
256
Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This...
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This...
256
Repressible Operon: trp Operon
53
The trp operon in Escherichia coli exemplifies a repressible operon. It regulates the synthesis of tryptophan through repressor-mediated transcriptional control and attenuation. This dual regulatory mechanism ensures tryptophan biosynthesis occurs only when needed, conserving cellular resources.Structure of the trp OperonThe trp operon consists of five structural genes (trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and trpA) that encode enzymes for tryptophan biosynthesis. These genes are transcribed as a single...
53
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents
163
Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
163
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents
249
Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
249


