人类牛奶免疫因素,母亲的营养状况和婴儿的性别:INSPIRE研究
Beatrice Caffé1, Aaron Blackwell1, Bethaney D Fehrenkamp2,3
1Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
概括
当母亲的饮食多样性较低时,男性的母乳IgG水平较低,这对Trivers-Willard对母亲投资假设的支持有限. 对于其他免疫因子还需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 人类哺乳期 哺乳期
- 孕产妇的投资是母亲的投资
- 婴儿营养 婴儿营养
背景情况:
- 哺乳对母亲来说是一个重要的能量投资,为婴儿提供必要的营养和免疫因素.
- 特里弗斯-威拉德假说表明,母亲的投资因后代的性别和母亲的状况而异.
- 人母乳免疫因子对于婴儿免疫系统的发展和对病原体的保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究母乳免疫因子度 (IgA,IgM,IgG,EGF,TGFβ2,IL-10) 是否因婴儿的性别和母亲的状况 (饮食多样性,BMI) 有所不同.
- 为了测试Trivers-Willard假设对母乳成分的适用性.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自10个国际地点的358个妇女的牛奶样本.
- 使用线性混合效应模型来评估母亲状况,婴儿性别和免疫因子度之间的相互作用.
- 包括人口作为随机效应和婴儿/母亲年龄作为固定效应.
主要成果:
- 在养男婴时,免疫球蛋白G (IgG) 度在饮食多样性较低的母亲的牛奶中明显较低,而女性婴儿则相比较低.
- 在母体状况,婴儿性别和研究的免疫因子之间没有发现其他显著的关联.
结论:
- 这些发现对Trivers-Willard假设提供了最小的支持,该假设涉及人乳免疫因子.
- 这项研究表明,母乳免疫因子度可以缓冲对母亲的状况变化.
- 该假设可能不适用于所有母乳免疫因子作为母乳投资的衡量标准.
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