病毒,病毒细胞和真核生物之间进行了10亿年的军备竞赛
Jose Gabriel Nino Barreat1, Aris Katzourakis1
1Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
eLife
|June 26, 2023
概括
澄清了巴姆福德病毒的起源,揭示了病毒细胞和核细胞质大DNA病毒 (NCLDVs) 可能在10亿年内共同进化,挑战了核逃逸假说. 这项研究重新定义了他们的进化军备竞赛.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 巴姆福德病毒代表了一种高度多样化的病毒群,感染了真核生物,包括核细胞质大DNA病毒 (NCLDVs),病毒细胞,腺病毒,毛利克斯和波林顿类病毒.
- 两个主要假设",核逃生"和"病毒细胞第一"试图解释这种病毒系的进化起源.
- "核逃生"假说假定源于核中的内源性Maverick-like祖先,而"病毒原体第一"则表明NCLDVs与原病毒原体的共同进化.
研究的目的:
- 严格测试关于巴姆福德病毒起源的"核逃生"和"病毒原体第一"假设的预测.
- 探索这种病毒群体多样化的替代进化场景.
- 阐明主要Bamfordvirus血统的进化关系和古代起源.
主要方法:
- 综合数据集的分析,包括四个核心病毒蛋白质,在不同的Bamfordvirus血统中采样.
- 贝叶斯式和最大概率假设测试框架的应用.
- 估计根植的遗传树来推断进化的历史和关系.
主要成果:
- 强有力的证据表明,腺病毒和NCLDVs不是密切相关的姐妹群.
- 马维里克斯和马维瑞斯对rve-integrase的获取是独立发生的.
- 鉴定出了一组单体病毒体 (Lavidaviridae家族),巴姆福德病毒基因的根源可能位于病毒体和其他基因系之间.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了"核逃生"假说,支持巴姆福德病毒的替代进化途径.
- 证据表明,病毒细胞和NCLDV之间存在着长达10亿年的进化军备竞赛.
- 这项研究提供了对巴姆福德病毒类的深层进化历史和相互关系的精细理解.
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