思考随着时间的推移而发生的变化:使用系统动力学模型的机遇和挑战
Emil Eidin1, Tom Bielik2, Israel Touitou1
1CREATE for STEM, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA.
概括
学生通过使用计算模型,提高了对复杂系统和随时间变化的理解. 然而,在这个系统思维研究中,他们与反机制以及使用现实世界的数据进行模型修订作斗争.
科学领域:
- 科学教育教育科学教育.
- 系统思维 系统思维
- 计算建模计算建模
背景情况:
- 系统思维 (ST) 对于解决复杂的社会问题至关重要,并被推用于跨科学学科的整合.
- 让学生参与ST,特别是随时间变化和反等概念,带来了重大的教育挑战.
- 计算系统模型和系统动态提供了潜在的解决方案,以提高学生对复杂现象的理解.
研究的目的:
- 通过计算系统建模,研究10年级学生如何与系统思维 (ST) 进行互动.
- 分析学生解释复杂现象的能力,重点关注随时间的变化和因果关系.
- 识别学生在评估和修改模型时面临的挑战,包括使用现实世界的数据.
主要方法:
- 一项实证研究与10年级的学生在一个基于项目的化学动力学学习单元进行.
- 学生在系统动态框架内使用计算系统建模.
- 分析了学生的模型和解释,以评估他们对ST概念的理解.
主要成果:
- 学生们表现出一种增强的能力,以变化随着时间的推移来解释现象,超越线性因果关系.
- 学生的模型和解释是有限的,特别是排除了反机制.
- 学生在试图使用真实世界的数据修改模型时遇到了认识论障碍.
结论:
- 计算系统建模,特别是采用系统动态方法,为教学复杂现象提供了机会.
- 支持学生理解反机制仍然是ST教育的一个关键挑战.
- 解决认识障碍对于有效的基于模型的学习和使用经验数据的修订至关重要.
相关概念视频
Classification of Systems-II
183
Continuous-time systems have continuous input and output signals, with time measured continuously. These systems are generally defined by differential or algebraic equations. For instance, in an RC circuit, the relationship between input and output voltage is expressed through a differential equation derived from Ohm's law and the capacitor relation,
183
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control
146
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
146
Feedback control systems
352
Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
352
Linear time-invariant Systems
298
A system is linear if it displays the characteristics of homogeneity and additivity, together termed the superposition property. This principle is fundamental in all linear systems. Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems include systems with linear elements and constant parameters.
The input-output behavior of an LTI system can be fully defined by its response to an impulsive excitation at its input. Once this impulse response is known, the system's reaction to any other input can be...
The input-output behavior of an LTI system can be fully defined by its response to an impulsive excitation at its input. Once this impulse response is known, the system's reaction to any other input can be...
298
BIBO stability of continuous and discrete -time systems
447
System stability is a fundamental concept in signal processing, often assessed using convolution. For a system to be considered bounded-input bounded-output (BIBO) stable, any bounded input signal must produce a bounded output signal. A bounded input signal is one where the modulus does not exceed a certain constant at any point in time.
To determine the BIBO stability, the convolution integral is utilized when a bounded continuous-time input is applied to a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) system....
To determine the BIBO stability, the convolution integral is utilized when a bounded continuous-time input is applied to a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) system....
447
State Space Representation
245
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
245


