使用城市建筑能源建模来量化住宅建筑在气候变化下的能源性能
Zhang Deng1,2, Kavan Javanroodi2, Vahid M Nik2,3
1College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China.
Building simulation
|June 26, 2023
概括
城市建筑能源建模 (UBEM) 评估了气候变化对日内瓦建筑能源使用的影响. 结果显示,到2050年,供暖需求显著减少,冷却需求增加,为城市能源规划提供了信息.
科学领域:
- 建筑能效和气候变化适应.
- 城市规划和可持续能源系统.
背景情况:
- 由于气候变化和城市化,建筑行业在实现碳中和方面面临着挑战.
- 城市建筑能源建模 (UBEM) 对于了解城市能源使用和评估改造场景至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往侧重于原型建筑,限制了城市规模分析的精细结果.
研究的目的:
- 将未来的天气数据与UBEM方法整合起来,以评估气候变化对城市建筑能效的影响.
- 根据未来的气候情景,评估建筑外升级对能源消耗的有效性.
- 为城市能源规划提供空间和时间洞察力.
主要方法:
- 用GIS数据和瑞士建筑规范为两个日内瓦社区 (483座建筑物) 开发了一个原型图书馆.
- 使用UBEM工具AutoBPS计算加热能耗,用快速方法校准 (2.7%的误差).
- 使用四个共享社会经济路径 (SSP) 评估影响2050年未来的天气数据集.
主要成果:
- 预计到2050年,供暖能耗下降 (21-31%) 和冷却能耗显著增加 (95-173%).
- 在SSP5-8.5.5下,观察到平均加热强度从81kWh/m2下降到57kWh/m2,冷却强度从12kWh/m2上升到32kWh/m2.
- 建筑外升级使平均供暖和制冷能耗分别减少了41.7%和18.6%.
结论:
- 气候变化将显著改变城市建筑的能源需求,需要适应策略.
- 与未来天气数据集成的UBEM是评估气候影响和规划减缓措施的宝贵工具.
- 建筑外改造有效地减少了供暖和冷却负载,有助于实现碳中和目标.
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