一个基于社区的响应式护理计划改善了中等收入国家两岁儿童的神经发育,格林纳达,西印度群岛
Randall Waechter1,2, Roberta Evans2, Michelle Fernandes3,4
1George's University Grenada West Indies St. George's University, Grenada, West Indies.
概括
响应式护理干预措施改善了格林纳达幼儿早期儿童发育结果. 这种方法教育了父母大脑发育,并提供了体罚的替代方案,增强了认知和运动技能.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的幼儿面临着发育迟缓的风险.
- 现有的早期儿童发展 (ECD) 干预措施显示出希望,但很少有人解决像体罚 (CP) 这样的文化规范性暴力.
- 响应式照顾对儿童发育至关重要,但其与解决CP相关的影响还未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估一项旨在改善早期儿童发展 (ECD) 的响应式照顾者干预措施,在格林纳达,一个低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC).
- 评估干预对儿童神经发育结果,母亲心理健康,家庭环境和对体罚 (CP) 的态度的影响.
- 调查教育家长关于大脑发育的有效性,并在以社区为基础的ECD计划中促进CP的替代方案.
主要方法:
- 在格林纳达进行了一项平行受控试验,单盲研究,涉及两岁以下儿童的父母和主要照顾者.
- 参与者被分配到响应式护理干预组或等候名单对照组.
- 干预包括对大脑发育的教育,体罚的替代方案,父母的自我调节以及父母和孩子的社会情感联系. 神经发育被盲目的测试人员在两岁时评估.
主要成果:
- 与对照组 (n=153) 相比,干预组 (n=153) 的儿童在认知 (p=.022),精细运动 (p<.0001),毛细运动 (p=.015) 和语言发展 (p=.013) 方面的得分明显更高.
- 在二次结果中没有发现显著差异,包括母亲的心理健康,家庭环境或对体罚的态度.
- 干预成功地改善了关键的神经发育领域,而没有对母亲或环境因素产生负面影响,也没有对CP的态度.
结论:
- 响应式护理干预可以显著提高LMIC环境中的早期儿童发展,包括认知和运动技能.
- 针对父母对大脑发育和体罚的替代品的教育显示出积极的神经发育影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索长期影响和改变对体罚的态度的策略.
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