合适的微妙之处:重新评估合适值的双条件
1Oxford University, The Queen's College, High Street, Oxford, OX1 4AW England.
Philosophical studies
|June 26, 2023
概括
哲学家使用合适值双条件来将评价性质与合适反应联系起来. 本文通过解决反例来完善它们的解释,建议重新考虑关于合适性,价值和理由的假设.
科学领域:
- 伦理哲学 道德哲学
- 超伦理学 超伦理学
- 价值理论是一个价值理论.
背景情况:
- 合适值双条件,将评价性质 (例如,有趣,值得骄傲) 与响应的合适性 (例如,娱乐,骄傲) 联系起来,是元伦理学的基础.
- 这些双条件支持关键项目,如价值的适合态度分析和"适合第一"的方法.
- 尽管它们很重要,但这些双条件的精确解释仍然未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地检查并提出对合适值双条件的精细解释.
- 为了解决明显的反例,挑战这些双条件的简单理解.
- 重新考虑关于合适,价值和理由之间的关系的基本假设.
主要方法:
- 对拟合值双条件的明显对比例的分析.
- 考虑对这些反例的各种哲学反应.
- 开发一种对合适值双条件的新解释.
主要成果:
- 确定了评估性质不需要适当反应的对例 (例如,对非自己的成就的骄傲,对笑话的长期娱乐,对兄弟姐妹的浪漫爱).
- 提出了一个对适合值双条件的细微解释,可以容纳这些对比例子.
- 证明有关合适性及其与价值和理由的联系的某些常见假设可能需要修订.
结论:
- 对合适值双条件的强有力的解释对于元伦理研究至关重要.
- 拟议的解释提供了一种方法来协调双条件的直观吸引力与具有挑战性的案例.
- 这项工作需要重新评估伦理理论中适合性,价值和理由的基本概念.
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