人工智能在法律体系中的使用:确定独立承包商与雇员身份
Maxime C Cohen1, Samuel Dahan2, Warut Khern-Am-Nuai1
1Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, 1001 Rue Sherbrooke O., Montreal, QC H3A 1G5 Canada.
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在劳动法案件中准确确定工人的身份 (雇员与独立承包商). 简单的AI模型达到90%以上的准确性,改善了获得法律咨询的机会.
科学领域:
- 法律信息学 法律信息学
- 计算法 计算法 计算法
- 人工智能在法律中的作用
背景情况:
- 工人作为雇员或独立承包商的分类是劳动法中一个关键和有争议的问题.
- 节奏经济的兴起和不断变化的就业结构凸显了这种法律决定的社会重要性.
- 独立承包商没有获得员工福利的资格,因此准确的分类至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查人工智能 (AI) 在劳动法中确定工人的身份时的应用.
- 分析加拿大和加利福尼亚的法庭案件,以确定影响工人分类的关键因素.
- 开发和部署人工智能模型,以提高获得法律咨询和司法的机会.
主要方法:
- 收集并注释了538个加拿大和217个美国法院案件 (2002-2021) 关于工人的身份.
- 进行统计分析以确定就业特征与工人身份之间的相关性.
- 开发并验证了简单的,现成的AI模型用于案例分类.
主要成果:
- 统计分析显示,工人身份和一小部分可量化的就业特征之间存在很强的相关性.
- 人工智能模型在分类工人身份方面实现了超过90%的样本外准确性.
- 观察到一致的错误分类模式,为模两可的案件提供了对司法决策的见解.
结论:
- 简单的人工智能模型可以有效和准确地确定就业法案件中的工人身份.
- 调查结果表明,人工智能可以帮助确保公平,并改善获得法律咨询的机会.
- 一个开放式访问平台 (MyOpenCourt.org) 被部署为提供人工智能驱动的法律援助.
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