在超重重饮者中,单细胞中的抗病毒免疫反应发生变化
Adam Kim1,2, Martí Ortega-Ribera1, Megan R McMullen1
1Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
iScience
|June 26, 2023
概括
过度饮酒和肥胖会损害对病毒感染的免疫反应. 肥胖减少了抗病毒基因表达,而大量饮酒放大了单细胞的炎症反应,增加了感染易感性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 滥用酒精增加了对呼吸道感染的易感性,包括像SARS-CoV-2这样的病毒性疾病.
- 超重的大量饮酒者 (HD) 面临严重COVID-19的更高风险,但潜在的分子机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究重度饮酒和超重状态影响免疫反应对病毒和细菌刺激的分子机制.
- 为了比较PolyI:C (病毒模拟) 和LPS (细菌模拟) 对瘦身/超重重饮者和健康对照者的免疫细胞的影响.
主要方法:
- 单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 用于分析周围血液单核细胞 (PBMC).
- 从瘦身/超重的HD和健康的对照 (HC) 中的PBMCs被PolyI:C和/或LPS刺激.
- 分析了基因表达特征,重点关注炎症和抗病毒途径.
主要成果:
- 来自所有组的单细胞在PolyI:C和LPS挑战时显示出促炎性基因表达.
- 超重个体表现出干扰素刺激基因的显著减少表达,这对抗病毒防御至关重要.
- 沉重饮酒者在PolyI:C挑战后表现出更多的上调基因,与HC相比,增强了促炎性细胞因子和干扰素γ信号传递.
结论:
- 沉重饮酒者的体重增加减少了抗病毒免疫反应.
- 过度饮酒会加剧促炎性细胞因子的产生,可能增加对严重感染的易感性.
- 肥胖和大量饮酒的联合影响可能会严重损害宿主对病毒病原体的防御能力.
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