暴露于COVID-19如何影响健康和收入不平等厌恶?
Miqdad Asaria1, Joan Costa-Font1,2,3, Frank Cowell4,2
1Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), London, UK.
Social choice and welfare
|June 26, 2023
概括
这项研究显示,在COVID-19后的英国,对收入和健康不平等的厌恶显著增加. 然而,在大流行期间经历了健康冲击的个体显示不平等厌恶程度下降,特别是那些风险较高的人.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 个人对不平等的态度对于社会政策至关重要.
- COVID-19 流行病对就业,收入和健康造成了前所未有的冲击.
- 了解不平等厌恶的转变对于流行病后的复苏至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查三个欧洲国家的个人对健康和收入不平等的厌恶.
- 分析不平等厌恶的决定因素,重点关注COVID-19的冲击.
- 为了比较英国的不平等厌恶水平,在大流行之前和之后.
主要方法:
- 英国,德国和意大利调查数据的跨国比较分析.
- 英国代表性样本的纵向分析 (2016年与2020年).
- 回归分析以确定影响不平等厌恶的因素.
主要成果:
- 在2016年至2020年期间,英国观察到收入和健康不平等厌恶的显著增加.
- 收入不平等的厌恶程度高于健康不平等的厌恶程度.
- 不平等厌恶感随着年龄和教育程度的增加而增加,随着收入和风险嗜好而下降.
- 暴露在COVID-19重大健康冲击中的个人表现出较低的不平等厌恶.
- 那些患有健康冲击的COVID-19死亡风险较高的人表现出更高的不平等厌恶.
结论:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,社会对不平等的看法发生了重大影响.
- 矛盾的是,个人健康冲击可以减少不平等的厌恶.
- 政策干预应考虑对不同人口群体的不同影响.
相关概念视频
01:18Factors Affecting Illness
4.3K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
4.3K
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
12.0K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
12.0K
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
375
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
375
01:21Causality in Epidemiology
500
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
500
01:27Confounding in Epidemiological Studies
196
Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
196
01:12Relative Risk
238
Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
238