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对人工智能影响评估的系统审查
Bernd Carsten Stahl1,2, Josephina Antoniou3, Nitika Bhalla2
1School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
概括
人工智能影响评估 (AI-IAs) 有助于确定AI的好处和风险. 这次审查发现AI-IA正在融合,但需要标准化的内容和结构来进行道德的人工智能开发.
科学领域:
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 伦理学 伦理学 伦理学
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在医疗保健和运输等各个领域提供了显著的好处.
- 然而,人工智能也带来了需要仔细考虑的伦理和社会问题.
- 人工智能影响评估 (AI-IA) 是积极识别和减轻这些潜在负面影响的关键工具.
研究的目的:
- 对现有的人工智能影响评估 (AI-IA) 进行首次系统审查.
- 分析当前AI-IAs的目的,范围,背景,问题,时间框架,过程,方法,透明度和挑战.
- 为实施AI-IAs提出一个基线流程.
主要方法:
- 对181份与AI-IAs相关的文件进行系统审查.
- 对38个已识别的AI-IA进行了定性分析.
- 检查AI-IA组件,包括目的,范围,组织背景,预期问题,时间框架,过程,方法,透明度和挑战.
主要成果:
- 审查发现了AI-IAs在某些方面的一致性.
- 在AI-IAs的内容,结构和实施方面存在显著的差异.
- 人工智能-AI对于促进关于人工智能的伦理和社会影响的讨论是有价值的.
结论:
- 人工智能-IA对于负责任的人工智能开发和部署至关重要.
- 需要对AI-IA内容和结构采取标准化的方法.
- 拟议的基准流程可以指导开发人员,供应商和监管机构评估人工智能实践.
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