重症监护室患者的呼吸机相关肺炎:一个系统性审查
Hassan Mumtaz1, Muhammad Saqib2, Wajiha Khan3
1Health Services Academy.
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
|June 26, 2023
概括
呼吸机相关肺炎 (VAP) 是ICU中的一个重大威胁,患病率从每千天7-43%,死亡率高达66.9%. 迫切需要采取控制措施来应对这个日益严重的问题.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 呼吸机相关性肺炎 (VAP) 是机械通风患者中最常见的重症监护室 (ICU) 获得的肺炎.
- VAP显著增加了患者的死亡率,医院费用和住院时间.
- 了解VAP的发病率,死亡率和微生物学对于有效管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行关于VAP的发病率,死亡率和微生物特征的文献综述.
- 综合当前关于VAP率和相关风险因素的数据.
- 为了突出VAP流行病学的全球变化.
主要方法:
- 2010年1月至2022年9月期间发表的13篇同行评审文章的系统审查.
- 包括对被诊断患有VAP的成年或儿科患者的研究.
- 提取关于VAP发病率 (每千 ICU 天),死亡率和致病微生物的数据.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,VAP的发病率各不相同,从每千个ICU日的7到43日.
- 包含的研究中的死亡率从6.3%到66.9%不等.
- 通常识别的病原体包括格拉姆阴性细菌 (Acinetobacter spp.,Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 和格拉姆阳性细菌 (金黄色葡萄球菌).
- 发现VAP在男性中更为普遍,发病率和死亡率在国际上有显著差异.
结论:
- 在全球的ICU中,VAP是一个令人震惊和日益增长的挑战.
- 迫切需要有效的感染控制和预防战略.
- 建议包括干预研究,员工教育,强调手部卫生,以及一致地应用通风器捆绑方法.
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