你觉得自己很幸运吗? 对于传感运动信心的前性和后性线索
Marissa E Fassold1, Shannon M Locke2, Michael S Landy1,3
1Dept. of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America.
PLoS computational biology
|June 26, 2023
概括
人类使用前性和后性线索进行感官运动信心判断. 一些个人将两者结合起来,而另一些人只依靠前性信息,忽视特定行动的反.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
- 人类的感知 人类的感知
背景情况:
- 感官运动自信判断对于日常行动至关重要.
- 了解影响这些判断的线索是运动控制研究的关键.
- 线索可以是前性 (行动前) 或后性 (行动后).
研究的目的:
- 调查人类使用哪些感官和运动执行线索来获得感官运动信心.
- 为了确定这些线索在行动评估期间的时间可用性.
- 用贝叶斯推理建模传感运动信心.
主要方法:
- 参与者用一个看不见的手执行了一个达到目标的任务.
- 通过调整圆形大小来报告信心,以激励准确度.
- 比较了结合前性,后性或两种暗示类型的贝叶斯模型.
主要成果:
- 两种不同的策略出现了:理想观察者使用两种暗示类型,以及那些只使用潜在暗示的人.
- 追溯线索被用于第二次运动意识任务.
- 这些回顾性线索并没有被一致地纳入主要任务中的感觉运动信心判断.
结论:
- 人类可以利用回顾性线索来获得感官运动信心,但并不总是这样做.
- 个人策略各不相同,有些人充当理想的观察者,而另一些人则依靠行动前的信息.
- 这凸显了传感运动信心计算的灵活性,但并不总是最佳的.
相关概念视频
01:14Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development
676
The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
676
01:12Hindsight Biases
3.4K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
3.4K
01:30Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality
585
Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
585
01:21The Nativist Approach
89
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
89
01:19Self-Concept
67
Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
During infancy, self-concept is virtually nonexistent. Babies do not distinguish themselves as separate entities and often mistake their...
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
During infancy, self-concept is virtually nonexistent. Babies do not distinguish themselves as separate entities and often mistake their...
67
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
50.1K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
50.1K