短暂的睡眠对大脑有害吗? 在短睡者中,大脑结构和认知功能
Anders M Fjell1,2, Øystein Sørensen3, Yunpeng Wang3
1Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway andersmf@psykologi.uio.no.
概括
有些人需要更少的睡眠,而不会对大脑健康产生负面影响. 白天嗜睡和睡眠问题,而不仅仅是睡眠时间,与大脑结构的差异有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 睡眠科学 睡眠科学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 许多人习惯性地睡眠时间少于推的持续时间.
- 主流观点将睡眠不足与大脑健康和认知功能的下降联系在一起.
- 对于睡眠需求较低,对睡眠丧失有较高的弹性个体的存在仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究习惯性睡眠时间,白天嗜睡和大脑健康之间的关系.
- 为了确定睡眠时间少于6小时而没有嗜睡的个体是否表现出不同的大脑形态学和认知功能.
- 为了区分睡眠时间和睡眠问题对大脑结构和认知的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自多个队伍 (Lifebrain,HCP,UKB) 的大规模横截面和纵向研究 (n=47,029).
- 收集了自我报告的睡眠数据,脑部MRI扫描 (n=51,295),以及认知测试结果.
- 使用加速度计估计的睡眠时间和控制混变量 (BMI,抑郁,收入,教育) 的证实结果.
主要成果:
- 与其他群体相比,睡眠时间少于6小时且没有白天嗜睡或睡眠问题的人具有显著更大的区域大脑体积.
- 两个短睡者 (有和没有嗜睡) 的一般认知能力 (GCA) 评分略低.
- 加速度计数据证实了这些发现,表明嗜睡和睡眠问题与大脑结构比单纯的睡眠时间更强烈相关.
结论:
- 习惯性睡眠需要是个人的,有些人可以容忍短暂的睡眠时间,而不会对大脑结构产生明显的负面影响.
- 白天嗜睡和睡眠障碍似乎与大脑结构差异比单独睡眠时间更密切相关.
- 在短睡眠者中观察到的一般认知能力的轻微下降,需要在现实世界中进行进一步的研究.
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