预防酒精使用的干预措施:经济评估的系统审查
Long Khanh-Dao Le1, Jan Faller2, Mary Lou Chatterton3
1PhD, Health Economics Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia.
BJPsych open
|June 27, 2023
概括
预防酒精使用是具有成本效益的,特别是通过税收和查计划等政策. 需要对儿童,青少年和老年人进行更多的研究,特别是在低收入国家.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 预防药物滥用 预防滥用药物滥用
背景情况:
- 酒精使用是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因之一.
- 有效的预防策略对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 了解干预措施的经济影响对于政策决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查所有年龄组预防酒精使用的干预措施的成本效益.
- 综合经济评估和投资回报研究的证据.
- 确定哪些酒精预防策略在经济上是最可行的.
主要方法:
- 在多个电子数据库 (EMBASE,Medline,PsycINFO,CINAHL,EconLit) 中进行了全面的搜索.
- 包括的研究是2021年5月发布的酒精预防干预措施的完整经济评估或投资回报研究.
- 使用德拉蒙德十点检查清单来评估研究质量,并以叙事方式综合结果.
主要成果:
- 69项研究符合纳入标准,主要关注成年人.
- 一半的研究发现,预防饮酒的干预措施可以节省成本.
- 针对成年人的普遍预防 (税收,广告禁令) 和选择性/指示性预防 (查) 特别具有成本效益.
- 学校和家长/护理人员的干预措施对于18岁以下的个人来说是具有成本效益的.
- 对于老年人来说,没有确定成本效益的干预措施.
结论:
- 酒精预防干预措施在成本效益方面显示出显著的前景.
- 进一步的经济分析对于指导政策制定至关重要,尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 针对儿童,青少年和老年人群的经济评估需要特别注意.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
284
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
284
Study Designs in Epidemiology
284
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
284
Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions
2.2K
Creating and executing a nursing diagnosis helps nurses plan care and guide patient, family, and community interventions. They are developed based on a patient's physical evaluation and support measuring the outcomes. It is not recommended to select random interventions throughout the planning process. Instead, consider the following six essential factors when choosing interventions:
2.2K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
148
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
148
Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
191
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
191
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
49
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
49


