学校通用预防课程对秘鲁青少年物质使用的影响:一项随机试验
Mallie J Paschall1, Fernando Salazar Silva2, Zili Sloboda3
1Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, California, USA.
Journal of drug education
|June 27, 2023
概括
在秘鲁,一项以学校为基础的预防计划显著减少了青少年吸毒和相关问题. 培训改善了学校的气候,政策和学生的联系,表明有效的普遍预防策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年心理学 青少年心理学
- 药物滥用预防 药物滥用预防
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,青少年吸毒仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 在学校环境中有效的普遍预防策略对于减轻风险至关重要.
- 之前的干预措施取得了不同程度的成功,需要对综合方法进行进一步的研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估一项针对学校工作人员的普遍预防培训课程对青少年物质使用的影响.
- 评估课程对学校气候,政策和学生水平成果的影响.
- 确定秘鲁学校多面预防方法的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个涉及秘鲁28所学校的群体随机试验,其中14所学校被分配到干预和14所学校被分配到控制.
- 实施对学校管理人员和干预学校教师的普遍预防培训.
- 在2018年5月至2019年11月期间,对24529名学生 (11-19岁) 进行了四项调查.
主要成果:
- 在干预学校观察到,过去一年/过去一个月的吸烟和朋友吸毒的显著减少.
- 干预学校显示,个人和与物质有关的问题显著减少.
- 干预学校的学生报告说,他们对学校政策的认识增加,学校的联系加强.
结论:
- 全民预防培训课程有效地减少了青少年吸毒和相关问题.
- 促进积极的学校气候和明确的政策是成功预防的关键组成部分.
- 这种干预提供了一个可扩展的模型,用于在教育环境中预防青少年滥用药物.
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