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霍斯塔:被遗忘的病毒的遗传和结构观点

Fabio Scarpa¹, Elena Imperia^2,3, Alessandra Ciccozzi²

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.

Infectious disease reports

|June 27, 2023

概括

在俄罗斯发现的新蝙蝠冠状病毒Khosta-1和Khosta-2显示,传播到人类的风险很低. 尽管霍斯塔-2

科学领域:

病毒学和动物传播疾病.
蝙蝠传播的冠状病毒研究

背景情况:

蝙蝠是动物性冠状病毒的天然储库,包括导致SARS和COVID-19的病毒.
2020年底,两种新型沙尔贝病毒,Khosta-1和Khosta-2,在俄罗斯Rhinolophus蝙蝠中被发现.
霍斯塔-2与SARS-CoV-2共享相同的入口受体 (ACE2),这引发了人们对其动物感染潜力的担忧.

研究的目的:

评估新发现的霍斯塔-1和霍斯塔-2冠状病毒的动物感染潜力和溢出风险.
研究Khosta-1和Khosta-2与人类ACE2受体的相互作用.
评估这些新型蝙蝠冠状病毒的基因组组成和系遗传关系.

主要方法:

多学科的方法,结合流行数据分析和家族基因结构的重建.
评估病毒受体相互作用,特别是与 ангиотензин转化酶2 (ACE2) 受体的相互作用.
对关键病毒特征的存在进行分析,例如furin分裂部位.

主要成果:

霍斯塔-1和霍斯塔-2与ACE2受体的相互作用较弱.
霍斯塔-1和霍斯塔-2地区缺乏素裂解点.
流行数据和族群基因分析表明,目前这两种病毒的溢出风险很低.

结论:

目前,Khosta-1和Khosta-2被认为对人类的溢出风险很低.
鉴定到的病毒缺乏与高动物感染潜力相关的关键特征.
持续监测蝙蝠传播的冠状病毒对于早期检测和预防未来的溢出事件至关重要.

关键词:

里诺洛夫斯 (Rhinolophus) 是一种类动物.类似于SARS-CoV的病毒蝙蝠的SARS类似的冠状病毒冠状病毒冠状病毒病毒流行病学流行病学马蝙蝠是一种马蝙蝠.霍斯塔病毒霍斯塔病毒沙贝科病毒 (Sarbecovirus) 是一种病毒.溢出影响溢出影响

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