儿童社会经济地位,肥胖,认知和白质微观结构之间的关联
Zhaolong Adrian Li1,2, Yuqi Cai2,3, Rita L Taylor2
1Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
JAMA network open
|June 27, 2023
概括
在社区和家庭中较低的社会经济地位 (SES) 与儿童白质发育的改变有关. 肥胖和认知表现可能会调解这些影响,这突显了对儿童大脑健康的多面性方法的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 较低的社会经济地位 (SES) 与儿童的不良健康结果和大脑结构改变有关.
- 关于SES对白质微观结构和介导机制的具体影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查邻居和家庭SES与儿童白质微观结构之间的独立关联.
- 检查肥胖和认知表现在这些SES-白质关联中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 在青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中,使用了来自8,842名儿童 (9-11岁) 的基线数据的横截面研究.
- 使用限制光谱成像 (RSI) 量化白质微观结构,用于限制的正常化定向 (RND) 和同位素 (RNI) 扩散.
- 评估了邻居的劣势,家庭收入,家长的教育,肥胖 (BMI) 和认知;分析对共变量进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 较大的邻居劣势和较低的家长教育与特定区域的白质完整性降低 (较低的RSI-RND) 有关.
- 在不同区域,较低的家庭收入和较低的家长教育与白质特性 (RSI-RNI) 的改变有关.
- 肥胖和较低的认知表现部分介导了SES和白质微观结构 (RSI-RND和RSI-RNI) 之间的联系.
结论:
- 邻居和家庭的社会经济因素都与儿童白质的发育有很大关系.
- 肥胖和认知表现成为潜在的调解者,强调它们在从SES到大脑结构的途径中的作用.
- 未来关于儿童大脑健康的研究和干预应从多个角度考虑社会经济背景.
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