语义笑话与自闭症谱系障碍青少年的成语理解之间的关系
Bat-El Yankovitz1, Anat Kasirer2, Nira Mashal1
1The Faculty of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Brain sciences
|June 28, 2023
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年比同龄人更不准确地理解语义笑话,尽管处理速度相似. 对两个群体来说,成语理解和年龄是理解这些笑话的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 语义笑话依赖于解决从单词玩法或世界知识违规行为中产生的不一致性.
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人经常与幽默斗争,特别是在社会环境中.
- 关于ASD青少年语义笑话理解的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 检查ASD青少年的语义笑话理解能力.
- 研究ASD青少年语义笑话理解,词汇量,思维理论 (ToM) 和成语理解之间的关系.
- 为了比较ASD青少年与典型发达 (TD) 同龄人之间的语义笑话理解.
主要方法:
- 参与者包括32名ASD青少年和32名TD同龄人.
- 用多项选择问卷和有限时间的计算机任务来评估语义笑话理解.
- 还评估了词汇,ToM能力和成语理解能力.
主要成果:
- 患有自闭症的青少年的处理速度与TD同龄人相当,但语义笑话理解的准确性较低.
- 在这两组中,年龄和成语理解都显著预测了语义笑话理解.
- 在ASD中的困难可能来自于在解释之间持有和选择的挑战,不一定是减少了ToM.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的青少年在语义笑话理解方面表现出特殊的挑战,影响准确度超过速度.
- 用语理解和年龄对于理解语义笑话至关重要,突出了语言和认知发展的作用.
- 调查结果表明,管理双重解释的缺陷,而不是仅仅是ToM,是ASD的理解困难的基础.
更多相关视频
08:17A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Published on: April 12, 2018
10.6K
10:11Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
Published on: December 14, 2012
18.5K
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
163
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
163
Learning Disabilities
220
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
220
Cognitive Development During Adolescence
85
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
85
Modeling in Therapy
127
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
127
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
314
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
314
Intellectual Disability
120
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
120
