德诺苏马布通过减弱RANK/RANKL信号来减轻葡萄糖脂毒性诱导的β细胞功能障碍和细胞亡
Sheng-Chieh Lin1,2, Sing-Hua Tsou3, Chien-Yin Kuo1,4
1Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
International journal of molecular sciences
|June 28, 2023
概括
代诺苏马布 (DMB) 通过阻断RANK/RANKL通路,保护胰腺β细胞免受2型糖尿病的葡萄糖脂毒性影响. 这保护了β细胞的功能和生存,提供了潜在的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 药理学 药理学 是一个学科.
背景情况:
- 肥胖和高的自由脂肪酸 (FFAs) 导致胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖脂毒性,损害胰腺β细胞并加速2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的进展.
- 目前用于保护T2D中的β细胞的临床策略有限,需要新的治疗方法.
- 用于骨质疏松症的单克隆抗体丹诺苏马布 (DMB) 已显示出改善T2D患者血糖调节的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 在模拟的T2D条件下,研究丹诺苏马布 (DMB) 对人类β细胞的葡萄糖脂毒性保护作用.
- 阐明DMB对β细胞的保护作用背后的分子机制,重点关注RANK/RANKL通路.
主要方法:
- 人类β细胞 (1.4 × 10^7) 暴露于高葡萄糖和FFAs以模仿T2D代谢压力.
- 评估了DMB对β细胞功能障碍,细胞亡和关键信号通路 (RANK/RANKL,MST1,PDX-1) 的影响.
- 测量了炎症性细胞因子和活性氧物种 (ROS) 的水平,以评估DMB对细胞毒性的影响.
主要成果:
- DMB显著减弱了由高葡萄糖和FFAs诱导的β细胞功能障碍和亡.
- DMB的保护作用与RANK/RANKL通路的阻塞有关,导致哺乳动物无菌20样激酶1 (MST1) 的激活减少,胰腺和十二指肠本体盒1 (PDX-1) 的表达增加.
- DMB减少了炎症性细胞因子的产生和ROS生成,减轻了葡萄糖脂毒性诱导的细胞毒性.
结论:
- 德诺苏马布在胰腺β细胞中显示出显著的保护作用,防止胰腺β细胞的葡萄糖脂毒性.
- 阻断RANK/RANKL通路是DMB保护β细胞功能和生存的关键机制.
- 这些发现支持DMB作为一种新型治疗剂的潜在发展,用于保护2型糖尿病中的β细胞.
相关概念视频
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
366
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
366
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
214
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
214
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
240
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
240
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
189
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
189
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.6K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.6K
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
306
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
306


