营养干预对足球运动员运动表现的影响:系统性审查
Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso1,2, Sara Guillen-Aguinaga1, Laura Guillen-Aguinaga3
1Departament of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
概括
有针对性的营养,包括像肌酸和酸桃这样的补充剂,可以提高足球表现. 然而,没有发现任何饮食干预措施可以改善球员的恢复. 这些策略为精英运动员提供竞争优势.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 足球涉及全球2.7亿多名参与者,其中128,893名职业球员.
- 目前欧足联对精英足球的营养指导方针往往没有被专业和半专业球员最佳地实施.
- 需要个性化的营养策略来提高足球的坚持和有效性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关旨在改善职业和半职业足球运动员表现和恢复的营养干预措施的科学文献.
- 确定特定的饮食策略和补充剂,积极影响足球特定的绩效指标.
- 评估营养干预对足球恢复过程的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science) 和临床试验注册表中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准侧重于涉及职业/半职业足球运动员的随机临床试验,营养干预和表现结果.
- 偏差风险2 (RoB2) 工具被用于对16项符合条件的研究进行质量评估,共有310名参与者.
主要成果:
- 没有任何营养干预措施有效地提高了运动后的恢复时间.
- 确定了几种提高绩效的干预措施,包括酸桃, pistachio 核,碳酸盐/矿物溶液,肌酸,贝他因和高碳水化合物饮食.
- 这些干预措施对足球运动员的耐力,速度,敏捷性,力量,动力,爆炸性和无氧能力产生了积极的影响.
结论:
- 特定的营养策略,如二碳酸盐/矿物溶液,高碳水化合物饮食,肌酸,贝他因和酸桃,可以显著提高职业足球运动员的表现.
- 这些有针对性的干预措施为精英足球运动员提供了潜在的竞争优势.
- 目前,没有任何饮食干预措施在改善足球运动员康复方面表现出有效性.
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