午睡对运动员清醒和耐力表现的影响:一项随机交叉研究
Felix Willmer1,2, Claire Reuter2, Stephan Pramsohler1
1Hermann-Buhl-Institute for Hypoxia and Sleep Medicine Research, 83661 Lenggries, Germany.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
概括
在部分睡眠剥夺 (PSD) 后打睡并没有改善运动员的耐力表现. 然而,午睡有效地增加了清醒和警,这对体育比赛有益.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 运动员经常经历睡眠质量不佳的各种压力因素,如旅行和竞争焦虑.
- 日间小睡通常被教练用来减轻夜间睡眠碎片化的影响.
- 关于小睡对运动表现,特别是耐力的影响的先前研究产生了不同的结果.
研究的目的:
- 调查部分睡眠剥夺 (PSD) 后小睡对运动员耐力表现和清醒的影响.
- 为了确定短暂的小睡能否抵消睡眠减少对运动能力的负面影响.
主要方法:
- 一项随机交叉研究,涉及12名训练有素的运动员,比较一个夜晚5小时的睡眠 (noNap) 与5小时的睡眠加上30分钟的午睡 (Nap30).
- 睡眠质量和数量使用学生图 (学生不安指数,PUI) 和卡罗林斯卡睡眠度量 (KSS) 进行评估.
- 在最大自行车人体测量试验中,耐力表现以耗尽时间 (TTE) 和最大氧气摄入量 (VO2max) 进行测量.
主要成果:
- 午睡后,PUI和KSS得分都显著下降,这表明睡眠减少和清醒改善.
- 尽管睡眠度量有所改善,但在noNap和Nap30条件之间,TTE或VO2max没有显著差异.
- 评估了参与者的昼夜节律类型,大多数被确定为中度早晨或没有类型.
结论:
- 在轻度部分睡眠剥夺后小睡并不能显著提高运动员的耐力表现.
- 空气运动表现很复杂,在这些条件下,小睡可能不足以改善它.
- 午睡是提高清醒和警的有效策略,在体育运动中可能是有利的.
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