多胎妊娠的SGA婴儿和新生儿的分类和特殊营养需求
Chrysoula Kosmeri1, Vasileios Giapros2, Dimitrios Rallis2
1Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 455 00 Ioannina, Greece.
Nutrients
|June 28, 2023
概括
过早产生的婴儿对于妊娠年龄 (SGA) 的营养需求是复杂的. 本综述重点关注胎儿生长受限制 (FGR) 的早产婴儿,强调他们对最佳生长和发育的独特要求.
科学领域:
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 围产儿医学 围产儿医学
背景情况:
- 关于早产婴儿的营养管理存在有限的数据.
- 埃斯普汉指南增加了对非常早产婴儿的能源建议,但个体需求各不相同.
- 由于不同的营养需求,区分胎儿生长受限制 (FGR) 和宪法SGA,以及早产SGA与早产适合妊娠年龄 (AGA) 是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于早产婴儿与胎儿生长限制 (FGR) 的营养需求的知识.
- 为满足从多胎妊娠出生的FGR婴儿的特定营养需求.
- 为脆弱的早产人口提供最佳营养策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 对现有研究和关于早产婴儿营养指南的文献综述.
- 基于早产,子宫内营养不良和发病率的早产FGR婴儿营养缺陷的分析.
- 检查多胎妊娠对FGR的影响以及相关的营养考虑.
主要成果:
- 过早出生的FGR婴儿,特别是那些在29周怀孕前出生的婴儿,积累了显著的营养缺乏.
- 积极的营养支持通常是必要的,以实现早产FGR婴儿的最佳追赶成长和神经发育.
- 在FGR婴儿中,过度的产后追赶增长可能会导致以后不良的代谢后果.
结论:
- 早产的FGR婴儿需要量身定制的,积极的营养管理,以减轻子宫内缺陷.
- 仔细平衡营养是促进生长而不会引起不良代谢结果的必要条件.
- 需要进一步研究FGR在多胎妊娠中的独特营养挑战.
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