长期耕地和作物旋转制度在大豆,玉米和小麦生产系统中重塑土壤产生的卵虫群体
Alison Claire Gahagan1,2, Yichao Shi1, Devon Radford1
1Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
概括
传统的耕作和作物轮换显著影响土壤传播的虫群落. 无耕作农业减少了虫种群的多样性,而作物旋转则减少了种植的多样性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 土壤微生物学 土壤微生物学
背景情况:
- 土壤传播的菌体是重要的植物病原体,造成重大农业损失.
- 了解虫对耕作和作物轮换等农业实践的反应对于疾病管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究耕作 (传统与非耕作) 和作物轮换对土壤菌群落的长期影响.
- 评估这些做法对作物健康和产量的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个为期三年的实地实验 (2016-2018年) 使用了分割图案设计.
- 耕作 (传统耕作 (CT) 与无耕作 (NT)) 和作物轮换 (单一作物和三作物轮换) 是因素.
- 使用内部转录间隔器1 (ITS1) 区域元编码分析了土壤虫群落.
主要成果:
- 虫群体主要由Globisporangium spp.占主导地位. 和Pythium spp. 这两种类型.
- 没有耕种的农业减少了虫群的多样性和社区结构的异质性.
- 农作物轮换对社区结构的影响取决于耕作,仅在CT下显著.
- 耕作和旋转之间的相互作用使病原体管理复杂化.
- 在CT下,大豆或玉米单种植的豆苗活力最低.
- 根据耕作和轮换制度,作物产量有所变化.
结论:
- 耕作和作物轮换相互作用,影响土壤菌群落,影响病原体管理策略.
- 无耕种可能会减少虫种群的多样性,但其与作物轮换的相互作用需要仔细考虑.
- 优化耕作和作物轮换对于改善土壤健康和作物生产率至关重要,同时管理虫病原体.
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