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制备和高温耐受,轻量级,灵活的聚胺泡的特性与不同的二胺结构

Shuhuan Yun¹, Xianzhe Sheng¹, Shengli Wang¹

¹School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

|June 28, 2023

概括

研究人员开发了一种新方法,通过控制分子设计和孔隙形成来制造高性能聚胺泡 (PIF). 这种进步为先进的航空航天和军事应用提供了指南.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
聚合物化学聚合物化学
纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

聚胺泡 (PIF) 对于高端应用,如航空航天隔热和军事声音吸收至关重要.
了解分子骨干设计和孔隙形成对于优化PIF属性至关重要.
目前的方法需要进一步探索,以精确控制PIF结构和性能.

研究的目的:

探索PIF中分子骨干设计和均孔形成的基本规则.
开发一种方法来制造具有综合性质的PIF,使用单体介导的孔状结构控制策略.
为制备和工业应用高性能PIF提供指导方针.

主要方法:

聚氨盐 (PEAS) 前体粉末的合成,使用3,3',4,4'-二四碳酸二化物 (BTDE) 和具有不同链灵活性和对称性的芳香二胺.
通过标准的"逐步加热"热泡方法制备PIF.
在加热过程中对孔形成的现场观察,以设计合理的热发泡程序.

主要成果:

制造的PIF表现出均的毛孔结构;PIF_BTDA-PDA显示出最小的毛孔尺寸 (147微米) 和狭窄的分布.
由于链条刚性,PIF_BTDA-PDA表现出平衡的应变恢复 (91%) 和机械强度 (0.051MPa在25%的应变),在10个压缩恢复周期后保持孔隙规律性.
所有的PIF都是轻质的 (15-20 kg·m-3),具有良好的耐热性 (Tg: 270-340 °C),热稳定性 (Tg: 5%: 480-530 °C),热绝缘性 (λ: 0.046-0.053 W·m-1 K-1 在20 °C) 和阻燃性 (LOI > 40%).

结论:

一种单体介导的策略有效地控制了PIF中的孔隙结构,从而实现了定制的特性.
开发的热泡方法产生了具有出色的机械,热和阻燃特性的PIF.
这项研究为工业生产先进的聚胺泡提供了有价值的框架.

关键词:

阻燃剂是一种阻燃剂.分子结构分子结构的分子结构.聚胺泡是一种聚胺泡.热绝缘热绝缘热绝缘热绝缘热泡是一种热泡.

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