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瑞BNT162b2-诱导的立即类型的疫苗过敏反应中的阿纳菲拉毒素补充剂5a
Xin Rong Lim1, Grace Yin Lai Chan1, Justina Wei Lynn Tan1
1Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
Vaccines
|June 28, 2023
概括
对瑞COVID-19疫苗的立即过敏反应涉及5a补充体 (C5a) 激活,而不是IgE抗体. 疫苗反应器显示出较高的IgM抗体,这表明伪过敏机制独立于传统的过敏途径.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
背景情况:
- 对COVID-19疫苗,特别是瑞-生物科技 (BNT162b2) 疫苗的即时类型过敏反应 (HSR) 缺乏明确的潜在免疫机制.
- 了解这些反应对于疫苗的安全性和公众信任至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对BNT162b2疫苗的直接型HSR的免疫机制进行研究.
- 检查疫苗接种后的抗体反应,特别是对聚乙烯糖醇 (PEG) 的反应.
主要方法:
- 从BNT162b2疫苗反应器 (n=47) 和非反应器 (n=67) 收集血液样本.
- 测量的是免疫球蛋白 (Ig) G,IgM和IgE对疫苗的抗体,生物标记物如三酶,补充5a (C5a),细胞间粘附分子1 (ICAM-1) 和细胞因子 (IL-4,IL-10,IL-33,TNF,MCP-1).
- 基细胞激活试验 (BAT) 在过敏反应患者中进行.
主要成果:
- 大多数BNT162b2疫苗HSR患者的C5a和Th2细胞因子升高,但试酶水平正常.
- 与非反应器相比,疫苗反应器对BNT162b2疫苗的IgM抗体显著增加 (中位数为67.2对23.9AU/mL,p<0.001).
- 没有检测到针对疫苗的IgE抗体,在过敏反应患者中,疫苗及其组分的BAT结果是负的.
结论:
- 对BNT162b2疫苗的急性过敏反应似乎是伪过敏反应,由C5a激活驱动,独立于IgE.
- 反应堆中抗BNT162b2 IgM水平升高表明了它的作用,尽管它的确切功能需要进一步调查.
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