人类白质中的灰色阴影
Antonia Zouridakis1, Ivan Ayala1, Grace Minogue1
1Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
The Journal of comparative neurology
|June 28, 2023
概括
人类白质中含有不同的神经元群体,不同于大小和神经化学标记. 这些神经元可能参与血管扩张,但在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 大脑中较小,这表明它们在神经退行中起作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经解剖学是一个神经解剖学.
背景情况:
- 白物质传统上被认为是没有神经元的.
- 现有的关于白质神经元 (WMN) 的知识主要依赖于动物模型.
- 人类WMN的确切功能和生化特征在很大程度上仍未被描述.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类白质中神经元的存在,特征和潜在功能.
- 为了比较认知正常个体与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 患者的WMNs.
主要方法:
- 对15个全脑人类死后标本 (正常和AD病例) 的分析.
- 对神经元大小,密度和血管协会的定量和定性方法.
- 双染色用于神经化学局部化,包括乙胆酶 (AChE),神经元核 (NeuN),NADPH-二酶 (NADPH-d),MAP-2,SOM,SMI-32,CB,CRT和PV.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个不同的WMN群体:亚板衍生和深层皮层.
- 这两个人群均表现出异质的神经化学特征 (AChE+, NeuN+, NADPH-d+, MAP-2+, SOM+, SMI-32+, CB+, CRT+, PV+).
- 表面的WMN显示出更高的帕瓦胺 (PV) 表达;亚板神经元更大.
- 对NADPH-d-阳性WMN进行了可视化,包括微血管,这表明它具有血管扩张作用.
- 与对照组相比,在AD病例中,WMN显著较小.
结论:
- 人类的白质中含有独特的神经元群体,具有独特的生化特征.
- 有证据表明,WMN在调节微血管系统方面可能发挥作用.
- 在阿尔茨海默氏症中,WMN会发生变化,这表明它们与神经病理学有关.
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