优先考虑全球高层森林,实现30×30目标
Qiongyu Huang1, Jin Xu1, Jesse Pan Wong1,2
1Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, Virginia, USA.
概括
全球高层森林对生物多样性和碳储存至关重要,受到保护不足. 优先考虑这些独特的垂直息地对于实现30x30等全球保护目标至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
背景情况:
- 全球自然协议的目标是到2030年保护地球30%的陆地和海洋 (30x30倡议).
- 当前的保护优先级经常忽视垂直息地结构,而是专注于主题属性.
- 全球高高的森林,以高高的树冠高度为特征,拥有丰富的生物多样性和大量的地面生物质.
研究的目的:
- 评估全球高层森林的空间分布和保护状况.
- 通过将垂直息地结构纳入优先级方法,为保护规划提供信息.
- 评估当前保护区在保护高层森林方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 利用全球树冠高度2020产品来定义高高的森林 (树冠高度>20,25或30米).
- 与30x30目标相比,高保护区和低保护区的量化高森林分布和保护水平.
- 使用2017年世界保护区数据库和2020年全球完整森林景观面具进行保护评估.
主要成果:
- 保护水平通常随着森林高度层的增加而下降.
- 在低保护区,在大多数高层森林层中,森林保护率不到30%.
- 与美国相比,巴西对高层森林的保护更高,而美国的保护始终低于30%.
结论:
- 迫切需要优先考虑对最高森林层的保护工作,特别是在接近实现30x30目标的地区.
- 将植被垂直结构纳入保护决策可以确定生物多样性和碳封存的高价值区域.
- 针对高高的森林可以提高全球保护战略和减缓气候变化的努力的有效性.
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