在大城市的内部移民中健康移民的影响:在中国上海进行的一项横截面研究
Enhong Dong1,2,3, Ting Xu1,3, Jiahua Shi4
1School of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, Shanghai, China.
Frontiers in public health
|June 28, 2023
概括
居住在上海5-10年的中国内部移民显示出健康的移民对自我评估健康 (SRH) 的影响. 诸如婚姻状况和收入等因素影响SRH,在蓝领工人中显著影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 城市研究 城市研究
背景情况:
- 中国的内部移民是一个显著的人口趋势,特别是在上海等大城市.
- 了解移民对健康的影响对于公共卫生政策和城市规划至关重要.
- "健康移民效应"是一个现象,移民通常表现出比本地出生的人口更好的健康状况,但其在内部移民中的细微差别需要调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查健康移民对上海中国国内移民自我评估健康 (SRH) 的影响.
- 确定影响该人口中SRH的关键决定因素.
- 为中国政府改善人口治理和大城市卫生管理的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项跨部门在线调查,对上海的1,147名白领和蓝领移民工人进行了调查 (2021年8月至12月).
- 使用多变量后勤回归模型分析健康移民效应及其决定因素.
- 分析了1024名符合条件的参与者的数据,考虑了人口统计和社会经济因素.
主要成果:
- 在居住在上海5-10年的移民中观察到对SRH的显著健康移民影响 (OR=2.418,p<0.001).
- 对于居住在上海10年或更长时间的移民来说,没有发现显著的影响.
- 有利的SRH与婚姻状况,高等教育,收入,定期体检和较少的严重疾病有关. 这种效应在蓝领制造业工人中存在,但在白领工人中没有.
结论:
- 该研究证实了上海的健康移民效应,特别是对于居住5-10年的移民,他们比当地人表现出更好的SRH.
- 社会经济因素,个体特征和文化融合在移民健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 中国政府应该实施有针对性的干预措施,包括健康查和社会经济支持,以加强移民融入和大城市的福祉.
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