孕产妇消费和围产期接触非营养甜味剂:我们应该担心吗?
Francisca Concha1, Verónica Sambra1, Paola Cáceres1
1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Frontiers in pediatrics
|June 28, 2023
概括
非营养甜味剂 (NNSs) 的使用越来越多,但它们对孕妇和婴儿的影响尚不清楚. 迫切需要更多的研究来评估这些脆弱人群的潜在风险.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
背景情况:
- 食品和饮料中非营养甜味剂 (NNS) 消费量普遍增加.
- 关于NNSs对肥胖和糖尿病管理的益处的问题越来越多.
- 孕妇,哺乳妇女和婴儿对NNS消费的研究有限,主要在北美和欧洲.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前关于孕妇,哺乳妇女和婴儿NNS消费的知识状况.
- 突出研究中关于这些人群中NNSs生理影响和安全性的差距.
- 确定扩大研究的需要,特别是在代表性不足的地理区域.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于研究NNS摄入量和孕妇,哺乳妇女和婴儿的健康结果.
- 对羊水和母乳中NNS存在的现有数据的分析.
- 评估报告对出生结果和婴儿体重增加的影响.
主要成果:
- 在所有年龄组中,NNS消费量急剧增加,特别是在饮料中.
- 一些研究表明可能对早产风险,出生体重和妊娠年龄产生负面影响,但证据不足.
- 在羊水和母乳中检测出各种NNS,慢性暴露的长期影响尚不清楚.
- 一些研究报告说,母亲摄入的NNS与婴儿体重增加之间存在关联.
结论:
- 在NNS的不断增长的消费和对其在高风险群体中的影响的有限研究之间存在显著的差异.
- 对多个NNS的慢性,低水平暴露对胎儿和婴儿发育的影响仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
- 迫切需要进行更全面的研究,特别是在拉丁美洲和亚洲,以告知公共卫生建议.
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