哺乳动物 - - 刺状小鼠 (Acomys) 的骨皮和皮肤护甲的独立进化
Malcolm Maden1, Trey Polvadore1, Arod Polanco1
1Department of Biology & UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
iScience
|June 28, 2023
概括
在哺乳动物中罕见的称为骨皮的骨盘在Deomyinae亚家族动物的尾巴中被发现. 基因测序揭示了参与它们发育的关键遗传途径.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 骨皮是脊椎动物皮肤中的骨状板,在爬行动物中很常见,但在哺乳动物中很少见.
- 它们在爬行动物中的独立进化表明它们有一个保存的,可激活的基因调节网络.
- 在哺乳动物中,骨皮类动物通常不存在,除了甲鸟这样的例外.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查在动物的Deomyinae亚家族的骨质皮的存在和发展.
- 确定基因网络和分子机制,这些基因网络和分子机制是哺乳动物骨皮分化的基础.
- 为了比较哺乳动物骨皮的发育与爬行动物对应物,以获得进化见解.
主要方法:
- 从发育中的Deomyinae动物的尾部皮肤的RNA测序.
- 在骨皮形成过程中对基因表达模式的分析.
- 比较基因组学方法侧重于基因调节网络.
主要成果:
- 在Deomyinae动物的近尾皮肤中发现了骨质皮,在出生后6周内发展.
- RNA测序揭示了质蛋白基因的显著下调和骨质细胞基因的上调.
- 在骨皮分化过程中观察到信号通路的精细平衡表达.
结论:
- 这项研究在以前未被认可的哺乳动物群体Deomyinae动物中确定了骨皮类动物.
- 这些发现阐明了哺乳动物骨皮发育的遗传基础,涉及质蛋白和骨质母细胞基因调节.
- 进一步的研究将这些发现与爬行动物骨皮相比较,可以阐明这些结构在哺乳动物中的进化和稀有性.
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