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印度幼儿百日咳疾病的评估:一项基于医院的多中心观察性研究
Varinder Singh1, Balasubramanian S2, Sanjay Lalwani3
1Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
在因呼吸道感染住院的印度婴儿中,实验室确认的百日咳 (LCP) 发病率为8.5%. 疫苗接种年龄以下的婴儿需要对百日咳并发症进行仔细监测.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 呼吸道感染 呼吸道感染
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 百日咳 (百日咳) 在全球范围内仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 婴儿,特别是那些过于年轻而不能接种疫苗的婴儿,面临严重百日咳并发症的高风险.
- 根据目前的诊断标准,关于印度百日咳发病率的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定急性呼吸道感染 (ARI) 住院的婴儿中实验室确认的百日咳 (LCP) 的发生率.
- 评估符合疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 推的临床病例定义的婴儿中百日咳的流行率.
- 描述印度住院婴儿咳的临床特征和结果.
主要方法:
- 从2020年1月到2022年4月,在七个印度中心进行了积极监视.
- 婴儿年龄≤6个月,住院患有ARI和疑似百日咳的婴儿进行了查.
- 反转录聚合酶连锁反应 (RT-PCR) 用于检测鼻口腔拭子中的Bordetella pertussis.
主要成果:
- 在1102名接受查的婴儿中,有400名婴儿符合CDC的百日咳病例定义.
- 实验室确认的百日咳 (LCP) 在8.5% (34/400) 和可能的百日咳 (PP) 在11.5% (46/400) 中被诊断出.
- 长期咳 (≥2周) 在PP (74%) 比LCP (9%) 更常见;32%检测到其他呼吸道病原体.
结论:
- 在印度符合CDC标准的住院婴儿中,LCP的发病率为8.5%.
- 在这个队列中,长时间咳不是LCP的主要特征.
- 疫苗接种年龄以下的婴儿容易患上严重的百日咳,需要住院和通风;母亲免疫应予考虑.
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